SSPQuad """""""""""""""""""""""""""" A Stabilized Single-Point (SSP) quadrilateral element for 2D analysis with enhanced stability. Parameters: .. list-table:: :header-rows: 1 * - Parameter - Description - Type * - **Type** - Type of element, either "PlaneStrain" or "PlaneStress" - string * - **Thickness** - Thickness of the element in out-of-plane direction - float * - **b1** - Constant body forces in global x direction - float * - **b2** - Constant body forces in global y direction - float **Material Compatibility:** - Compatible with 2D (nDMaterial) type materials **Degrees of Freedom:** - 2 DOFs per node .. admonition:: Example :class: note .. code-block:: python # Direct creation from femora.components.Element.elementsOpenSees import SSPQuadElement from femora.components.Material.materialsOpenSees import ElasticIsotropicMaterial # Create a material first material = ElasticIsotropicMaterial(user_name="Steel", E=200e9, nu=0.3, rho=7850) # Create the element quad_element = SSPQuadElement( ndof=2, material=material, Type="PlaneStress", Thickness=0.1, b1=0.0, b2=-9.81 # Gravity in y-direction ) # Via Femora import femora as fm # Create material steel = fm.material.create_material( material_category="nDMaterial", material_type="ElasticIsotropic", user_name="Steel", E=200e9, nu=0.3, rho=7850 ) # Create element quad = fm.element.create_element( element_type="SSPQuad", ndof=2, material="Steel", Type="PlaneStress", Thickness=0.1, b1=0.0, b2=-9.81 )